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Автор: Hlavinek P.
Издательство: Springer
Год издания: 2007
isbn: 140206800X
Количество страниц: 346
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
Размер: 8 Мб
Каталожный номер: 22368
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The topics focused on evaluation of impact of xenobiotics in the whole Urban Water Cycle are an interdisciplinary task which has a rising concern these days. Xenobiotics includes both inorganic elements like heavy metals, metalloids and man-made organic compounds such as pesticides, surfactants, solvents, fragrances, flavours, and pharmaceuticals as well as endocrine disrupters. It has been estimated that 70,000 xenobiotics may potentially be hazardous for humans and/or ecosystems. Water supply, urban drainage and wastewater treatment systems were originally designed to solve just conventional problems such as supply of potable water, flooding prevention and sanitation. The main problem within the conventional urban water cycle approaches is absence of design to deal with xenobiotics. Nowadays can be seen increased focus on rainwater use, wastewater reclamation and reuse in industrial and as well in domestic sector what increase the exposure to xenobiotics. Innovative approaches are therefore needed to prevent xenobiotics from being discharged into surface waters where they may give rise to impacts on the chemical water quality and ecological status of receiving waters as it is already recognized by the EU-Water Framework Directive. Under such circumstances it is needed to assess knowledge gaps within the integrated water management with a particular emphasis on xenobiotics.
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